"Groundbreaking" Regulation of Hexavalent Chromium in California
As the bioavailability of a particular chemical species can produce detrimental human health effects, trace element speciation in groundwater, surface water and drinking waters has been of major concern in the natural environment for decades. Many states, as well as the U. S. EPA, have only regulated total chromium levels in drinking water, with the total chromium standard (including Trivalent Chromium or the Chromium-3 chemical species) being 50 ppb and 100 ppb, respectively. The state of California has now established a "groundbreaking" drinking water regulation for Hexavalent Chromium, or the Chromium-6 chemical species (a known carcinogen), at a maximum contaminant level of 10 ppb. Information concerning this new regulation can be found below:
Groundwater
Information Sheet – Hexavalent Chromium
[State Water Resources Control
Board (SWRCB); May 2014]
Chromium-6 in
Drinking Water Sources: Sampling Results
[California Department of Public Health (CDPH); Updated March 2014]
Hexavalent Chromium
Maximum Contaminant Limit (MCL), DPH-11-005; March 14, 2014
(Title 22 California Code of Regulations, Division 4,
Chapter 14, Article 3)
Chromium in Drinking
Water
[World Health Organization (WHO), 2003]
[World Health Organization (WHO), 2003]
U. S. EPA Methods
EPA Method 218.7: Determination of Hexavalent Chromium in
Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography with Post-Column Derivatization and
UV-Visible Spectroscopic Detection
EPA Method
200.8: Determination of Trace
Elements in Waters and Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma –Mass Spectrometry
N. B.: The New
California Regulatory Drinking Water Standard for Hexavalent Chromium at 10 ppb will
go into effect on July 1, 2014!
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